Material guide members for a compressing and conveying apparatus

ABSTRACT

An apparatus having aparallel, spaced apart belt conveyors and a hopper used in conjunction therewith and provided with a pair of flexible spaced apart material guide members positioned inwardly of and adjacent to the lateral edges of the belt conveyors to prevent material being conveyed by the conveyors from becoming entangled therewith.

Q v United States Patent 1 1 1111 3,783,578 Willis et al. Jan. 8, 1974 MATERIAL GUIDE MEMBERS FOR A [56] References Cited COMPRESSING AND CONVEYING UNITED STATES PATENTS APPARATUS 519,203 5/1894 Putnam 53/125 x [75] Inventors: Arnold L. Willis, Chicago; Harold 1,093,668 4/1914 Weinberg /1 5 X womnan, Morton Grove, both f 1,710,979 4 1929 Herbener 53 24 "1. 3,319,394 5/1967 Talalay et a]. 53/125 X [73] Assignee: Industries Primary ExaminerTravis S. McGehee [22] Filed; Ma 7, 1972 Atzomeyl-lerbert M. Adrian, Jr.

21 A 1. N 232 380 1 pp 0 57 ABSTRACT .Related U'S' Appiicanon Data An apparatus having aparallel, spaced apart belt con- [621 of 8441348 July 1969' veyors and a hopper used in conjunction therewith and provided with a pair of flexible spaced apart mate- [52] U.S. Cl a 53/24, 53/124 E, 53/124 CC, n m positionpd i BE l-qfi M ns-1 H 53/125 cent to the lateral edges of the belt conveyors to pre- [51] Ill. Cl B651) 63/02 vent material being conveyed by the conveyors from [58] Field of Search 53/24, 124 E, becoming entangled therewith. v

1 Claim, 6 Drawing Figures I 70 5. --3 M -95- 1'1 74 f I70 v 1 167,0 a 6 77 72 37 5 Y 7 "I- 94- s8 64 60 52 4.? 5 X I t} i 211" 1 76 /6'5,.,, if-75: f h 54 f I "5; 5 a; 46m 4- 0 1 ,1 1

66 5 721x11: 3 I '-a0a2 36 I 5 g 68 74 v 5 530 /6/ /6G I4 28/ 7a l4 [a M 1 a 22 5 Z62\\ I 20 l4 I2 24 PAIENTEBJAN 81974 3,783,578

sum 3 or 3 O if /02 K? A v oarzmea 50 V 5 FORCE 5 TVFF/A/G COMPRESSING AND CONVEYING APPARATUS I This is a division, of application Ser. No. 844,348, filed July 24, 1969.

This invention relates to a machine for temporarily compressing and conveying a resilient bat of fibrous material for placement in an envelope, or fabric tubing, and, particularly, concerns a material guide arrangement positioned between the belt conveyors for maintaining and constricting the material within the lateral width of the conveyor belts.

Heretofore, it has been a common practice when manufacturing pillows of various types and furniture cushions to place a resilient bat of fibrous material in the pillow ticking, or a fabric envelope, by conveying it through a chute-like arrangement of continuously driven belts. These belts temporarily compress the bat of resilient material in order to efficiently introduce it into the opened end of pillow ticking, or a fabric envelope, which is supported adjacent the outlet end of the belt conveyor. As this bat of resilient material is compressed between the belts, it expands outwardly toward the lateral edges of the belts. Occasionally, strands of the fibrous material have become tangled and wound around the various shafts, pulleys, and other related belt-supporting and driving mechanisms as the bat of material expands due to the compression. This has presented no appreciable problem in the past, since such pillows and cushions have been produced utilizing short stranded material.

Recently, the use of continuous filament material, or tow, has been utilized as pillow filler, or cushioning material, and unless provisions are made to confine the lateral expansion of this material within the belt conveyor mechanism, strands of this material may wind around bearing shafts, support shafts, or the like, which may cause buildup on the belt pulleys and thereby increase the tension on the conveyor belt. Because the synthetic filaments normally used are quite strong and do not readily break, such continuous strands of material will continue to wind around such drive mechanism and may clog the bearings, or cause damage to the driving shafts, which will require machine down time to clear this unwanted debris. Also, because of the nature of the'b at and cohesiveness of the fibers, the catching of even a single filament quickly results in the dragging of additional filaments into the drive means with the ac companying destruction of the bat and shutdown of the machine.

In accordance'with the present invention, there is provided a pair of material guide members which constrict and retain the lateral expansion of the bats of continuous filament tow as it is conveyed and compressed between a pair of opposed belt conveyors from an inlet and to an output end and thereby substantially eliminate the possibility of strands of the continuous filament material winding around the belt-supporting and driving shafts, and related mechanism.

Other features and advantages of this invention will become apparent by reference to the accompanying drawings and the following descriptions of certain preferred embodiments thereof, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of the machine embodying the invention with parts broken away;

FIG. 3 is a transverse sectional view of the belt conveyor assembly taken on lines 3-3 of FIG. 1 and shows the material guide members;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary transverse sectional view of the conveyor assembly shown in FIG. 3

I with the conveyor guide members illustrated in a sec- 0nd position; I

FIG. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary, longitudinal sectional view of the conveyor assembly taken generally on line 5-5 of FIG. 2 and showing the conveyor assembly introducing a bat of material into an envelope and thereby stripping the assembled product from the conveyor assembly; and

FIG. 6 is an enlarged transverse sectional view of the conveyor assembly taken on line 6-6 of FIG. 2 with certain parts removed.

In practicing this invention, continuous filament tow made up of synthetic yarn material may be fed from a supply source in a crimped, deregistered, bulked mass of continuous filament strands which cascade into a collection area. The machine operator rolls this material into a low-density bat until a predetermined amount, determined generally by weight, is accumulated. At this time, the resilient bat of material is severed from the supply source by any suitable means, for

example, a heated wire which is passed through the rope-likemass of tow. .The bat is then placed in a hopper which is supported by the machine frame and comes to rest upon a continuously moving endless belt conveyor positioned at the hopper bottom. This bat is then transported to an inlet end of a belt conveyor assembly comprising a pair of spaced apart, endless belts. The belt conveyor assembly forms generally a continuously moving chute arrangement which temporarily reduces the vertical height of the bat by compressing the resilient bat of continuous filament tow introduced therein by the first-mentioned conveyor, with a substantial lack of permanent compression, and combines the bat between the inward opposed faces of the belt surfaces and a pair of spaced apart material constricting guide members positioned adjacent the lateral edges of the belt. These guide members restrain any outward expansion of the compressed bat andthereby retain all fibers within the lateral width'of the belt. These driven belts convey the bat to the opposite end thereof under compression, where it is ejected from the conveyor assembly and inserted into the open end of an envelope or fabric tubing which is supported at the outlet end of the conveyor assembly. The envelope, or fabric tubing, is loosely positioned over the outlet end of the conveyor assembly. and encircles the conveyors. Due to the direction of movement of the outwardly facing reaches of the belt, the envelope is maintained in position and as the bat is ejected from the belts, it is immediately inserted into the envelope and by this operation, the assembled .product is stripped off from the conveyor outlet end. When the bat is completely released from the belt assembly, it re-expands within the envelope to provide a low-density, resilient cushion, or

pillow.

FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the machine shown in FIG. 1;

Referring particularly to the drawings, and particularly FIGS. 1 and 2, it will be noted that there is a frame 10 which comprises a rectangular base 12 and four upstanding leg members 14, all of which are constructed of conventional channel members, or the like. At the upper end of legs 14, there is provided a flat, bilevel support platform 16 which is secured to the upper ends of the legs 14 and supports the material conveyor assemblies discussed hereinafter. The support platform 16 comprises a lower section 16a and an upper section 16b, which are joined intermediate the ends thereof by a vertical section 16c.

A driving motor 18 is supported on the rectangular base 12 and is connected to any suitable source of electrical power 20. The output shaft 22 of the motor 18 has secured thereto a driving sprocket 24. The driving sprocket 24 drives a conventional roller chain 26 about an idler sprocket 28, and driven sprockets 30 and 32, which power the conveyor assemblies, as will be discussed hereinafter.

Supported on the lower portion 16a of the support platform 16 is a belt conveyor assembly 34, which comprises a pair of side frames 36, and a conveyor belt 37. At the opposite ends of the side frames 36, there are driven shafts 38 and 40 which extend between the side frames and are journaled at their opposite ends in fixed bearing supports 42 and adjustable bearing supports 44. Supports 44 are movable by a conventional screw and nut arrangement 46 which is utilized-to take up any slack in the belt 37 and to place the desired tension in the belt to insure its driving relationship with the belt pulleys, or rollers 48 secured to the respective shafts 40 and 38. The internal surface of the belt 37 frictionally engages the outer periphery of the pulleys, or rollers 48 and thereby transmits the power received from the motor 18 through suitable drive means discussed here inafter.

Located on the upper level or portion 16b of the support platform 16 is a conveyor assembly 50, which comprises an upper belt conveyor 52 and a lower belt conveyor 54 (see FIG. 3). The frame structure 56 for the horizontally spaced apart belt conveyors 52 and 54 includes side frame members 58 and vertically spaced apart flat plates 60 and 62, all suitably welded together to provide a suitable supporting framework for the belt conveyors 52 and 54. Welded at the outer ends of the spaced apart flat plate members 60 and 62 are a pair of transverse rods 64, one welded to each end of the outer ends of the plates 60 and 62 to serve as a frictionsurface for the inside of belts 52 and 54 at the outlet end of the belt conveyors.

Intermediate the ends of the belt conveyors, the side frames 58 support a series of fixed bearing support members 66 and adjustable bearing support members 68. These bearing support members have journaled therein transverse conveyor shafts 70 and 72 and each of the shafts 70 have secured thereon a pulley or roller member 74, while shafts 72, which are driven, as will be explained hereinafter, have a large pulley secured thereto. The pulleys 74 and 75 frictionally engage the inner surface of the belts 52 and 54 to provide a frictional driving relationship therebetween and the adjustable bearing supports 68 are provided with a conventional screw and nut adjustment arrangement 76 to remove any slack from the belt and to provide the appropriate tension to insure the frictional engagement and driving relationship previously discussed.

The driven shafts 72 are directly connected to the previously discussed drive chain 26 by means of sprockets 30 and 32 secured in a coplanar relationship at one end of the respective shafts 72. The driving chain 26 is engaged with the driving sprocket 24 and contacts on one side thereof sprocket 30 and wraps around on the opposite side of the chain sprocket 32 78 which is secured by any suitable means to the frame structure 10 and is movable to tension the driving chain It will be noted in FIG. 2 that at the opposite end of the upper driven shaft 72, there is connected a sprocket 80 which is secured to the shaft and connected by means of a chain 82 to a sprocket 84, which is secured in a coplanar relationship on the end of shaft 38 in order to transmit power to the belt conveyor 34 to cause the belt 37 to move in corresponding direction to belt 54.

A hoodlike guard is positioned over the upper conveyor assembly 52 and its drive components to protect the operator from contact with the bulk 52, shafts 70 and 72, and roller or pulley 74 and 75 and related chain drives 26 and 82.

Positioned above the conveyor belt 37 is a materialreceiving hopper 92, which includes a pair of side plates 94 and 96, a rear end wall 98, and a front end wall 100. The front end wall is positioned above and adjacent the pulley 75 and extends from the upper edge of the hopper to the adjacent periphery of pulley 75. The hopper is provided with an open top and bottom, thus exposing the upper surface of the continuously moving belt 37.

In accordance with the present invention, it is important to prevent material received from the hopper from becoming entangled with the drive mechanisms, which could occur if the material is not retained inwardly of the outer edges of the belt conveyor. To this end, a pair of upstanding material guide members 102 and 104 are provided, which extend from the sidewalls 94 and 96 of the hopper 92 outwardly along the lateral edges of the belts 52 and 54. These guide members, or material constricting guides 102 and 104 are positioned between the inner faces, or the opposed faces of belts 52 and 54 and within the lateral width of the belts adjacent the edges thereof. The guide members extend substantially along the length of the belt along the input end to a point intermediate the opposite end or the outlet end of the belt conveyors. It will be noted in FIG. 1 that they extend beyond the area where the drive shafts 72, idler shaft 70 and their associated pulleys 74 and 75 and associated bearing structures 66 and 68 are located.

In the preferred embodiment, these guide members are continuations of the side plates 94 and 96 of the hopper 92. However, it is within the scope of the invention that the side plates be additional members, either connected to the hopper 92, or independently supported by other suitable means from the frame structure of the conveyor assembly 50.

The guide members 102 and 104 are flexible and are adjustable inwardly toward the center of the belt conveyor assembly and away from the edges thereof by a screw and nut arrangement 106 supported from the platform 62 by support member 108, as will be seen in FIG. 6.

The continuous filament tow bat is shown in FIGS. 1,

particular embodiment, the envelope is a pillow ticking and the bat shown is pillow filler.

It should be noted that the spaced apart frame members 60 and 62 of the conveyor assembly 50 are provided with rounded side edges to facilitate the receiving of the envelope T therearound, which loosely encircles the conveyor assembly during the operation of the machine. These rounded edge portions of the frame members 60 and 62 are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 of the drawings.

The operation of the machine is as follows:

The motor 18 is energized through the suitable power source 20, which causes chain 26 to be driven in a clockwise direction by rotation of shaft 22 and sprocket 24 secured thereto. The chain 26 in turn drives sprocket 32 on upper shaft 72 in a clockwise direction and drives the sprocket 30 on lower shaft 72 in a counterclockwise direction, which causes the inwardly facing surfaces of the opposed belt conveyors 52 and 54 to move toward the outer end of the conveyor assembly. Conversely, the outwardly facing surfaces of the belt conveyors 52 and 54 move toward the opposite end of the belt conveyors.

The driven rotation of the lower shaft 72 in turn causes rotation of sprocket 80 secured to one end thereof and through the chain 82 and the sprocket 84 secured to the end of shaft 38, the belt conveyor 37 is moved in the direction shown in FIG. 1. As will be apparent from FIG. 1, the upper surfaces of belts 37 and 54 are substantially coplanar and in view of the previously described drive mechanism, these belt surfaces move in the same direction and therefore provide essentially a continuous moving conveyor.

With the machine operating as described, a fabric envelope Tin the present instance a'pillow tickingis positioned around the outer surface of the conveyor assemblies 52 and 54 and loosely encircles the outer reaches of the conveyor belts In view of the fact that these outer facing reaches of the conveyor belts are moving toward the opposite end of the machine, they gently move the pillow ticking as far forward as possible and hold it there by a very light frictional contact with the inner surface of the pillow ticking.

With the machine in this condition, the material which is a continuous filament tow is fed from a supply source in a crimped, deregistered, bulked mass of continuous fibrous strands into a collection area. A predetermined amount of the bulked continuous filament product is formed into a low-density bat, as indicated by the numeral B in the shape and weight corresponding to the end cushion product. The measuring, shaping, and cutting of the low-density bat from the supply can be accomplished by any suitable means, for example, a heated wire which is passed through the continuous filament tow and is normally carried out automatically by apparatuses known in the art.

The operator then places the bat B into the hopper 92 and allows it to come to rest on the upper surface of the belt 37, which is continuously moving, as previ-- ously described. The belt 37 moves the bat forwardly into the inlet end of the conveyor assembly 50 and the inner surfaces of belts 52 and 54. The bat is further directed toward this inlet end of the conveyor assembly 50 by the sidewalls 94 and 96 of the hopper which, as seen in FIG. 2, converge toward the throat area of the conveyor assembly.

As the bat enters the inlet of the conveyor assemblies and frictionally engages with the opposed faces of conveyors 52 and 54, it is compressed and drawn into this moving chute-like arrangement between the material constricting guides 104 and 102, as seen in FIGS. 1 and 2. The bat moves through the conveyor assembly 50 and is restricted from any lateral expansion by means of the guides 102 and 104, which are flexible, but are constructed and arranged to stay within the lateral width of the belts 52 and 54. This positioning of the guides can be adjusted by means of the screw and nut arrangement shown in FIG. 6 and indicated by the numerals 106 and 108.

As will be seen in FIGS. 3 and 4, as the bat moves toward the opposite end of the conveyor assembly, there is an outward expansion force against the material constricting guides 102 and 104, but by means of the limits of resiliency of the flexible guide members 102 and the adjustment of the screw and nut devices 106, the expansion will be restricted within the lateral width of the belt. In view of this, none of the continuous filament fibers can be caught on shafts and 72 and wound therearound.

The bat proceeds to the opposite end of the conveyor assembly and is guided thereby by means of the upper and lower surfaces of the belts 52 and 54 and the material constricting guides 102 and 104 until it reaches the outer end, at which time, it is ejected from the conveyor assembly and moves into the open end of the fabric envelope, or pillow ticking T. As the remainder of the bat is continuously pushed forwardly by the conveyor belt, it strips off the pillow ticking T while the bat is being ejected from the belts. As will be seen in FIG. 5, the completed product is self-ejecting from the conveyor assembly and after the bat is completely introduced within the pillow ticking or envelope T, the ma terial is released from the belt and expands within the envelope to provide a very low-density, resilient cushion or pillow product. At that point, all that is required is an operator, or an attendant to close the open end portion of the pillow ticking and the product is completed.

It will be readily recognized that while the present invention has particular applicability to synthetic continuous filaments, such as nylon, polyester cellulose acetate, cellulose triacetate, rayon acrylics, modacrylics, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylchloride, and the like, bats of natural fibers and/or mixtures thereof with continuous or staple synthetic filaments can be used with correspondingly good results.

As many changes could be made to the above structures without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description and shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense. For example, the material constricting or retaining guide members which restrict the expansion of the continuous filament tow within the width of the belt do not necessarily have to be contiguous with the hopper side members. Furthermore, the specific arrangement of driving the belts and conveying the material into the belt conveyor assembly is not necessarily required for a full appreciation of the improvement and the benefits gained from the material constricting guides used in combination with the belt conveyors. Furthermore, various other procedures embodying the principles disclosed in the foregoing may be suggested while simultaneously conveying said bat in its compressed condition to a discharge zone, covering the exterior of the conveying discharge zone with a fabric enclosure for the receipt of said compressed bat, expelling said compressed bat into said fabric enclosure while pushing said fabric enclosure off of said conveying discharge zone with the forwarding force of said bat as it is expelled into said fabric enclosure and releasing said applied vertical and lateral compressive forces to thereby form said cushioning structure. 

1. A method for forming a cushioning structure comprising providing a soft, resilient, compressible fibrous bat of continuous synthetic filaments, conveying said bat to a continuously moving compression zone, compressing and reducing the vertical thickness of said bat and applying a lateral compressive force to said bat while simultaneously conveying said bat in its compressed condition to a discharge zone, covering the exterior of the conveying discharge zone with a fabric enclosure for the receipt of said compressed bat, expelling said compressed bat into said fabric enclosure while pushing said fabric enclosure off of said conveying discharge zone with the forwarding force of said bat as it is expelled into said fabric enclosure and releasing said applied vertical and lateral compressive forces to thereby form said cushioning structure. 